Education
| 1986 | B.Sc., Biochemistry, University of California at Davis |
| 1994 | Ph.D., Microbiology, University of California at Davis |
| 1994-7 | Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at the Max-Planck-Institute for Infectious Biology, Tuebingen, Germany |
| 1997-9 | Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Maryland School of Medicine |